什么是软包电池？软包电池有哪些优势？
来源：宝鄂实业
2019-06-20 09:15
点击量：次
ソフトパック電池とは、円柱と四角形の2種類の硬殻電池に比べて内部構成（正極、負極、ダイヤフラム、電解液）と四角形、円筒状のリチウム電池の違いが大きくなく、最大の違いはソフトパック電池がアルミ複合膜を外殻として採用し、四角形と円柱電池は金属材料を外郭として採用することである。
通常、ソフトパック電池は主に以下のいくつかの利点があります。
1、安全性が良い：ソフトパック電池は構造的にアルミニウムのプラスチック膜で包装され、熱管理が暴走したり、穿刺されたりした時、そのソフトパックは電気芯に緩衝空間を提供し、膨れたり変形して、最終的には発火したり煙しますが、爆発することはありません。
2、品質が軽い、エネルギー密度が高い：ソフトパック電池の重さは同じ容量のスチールシェル電池の40%より軽く、アルミニウムシェル電池の20%より軽いので、通常より高いエネルギー密度を持っていますが、現在国内で300 Wh/kgのエネルギー密度が高い電池企業を突破しました。
3、電気化学の性能が良好で、寿命が長い：ソフトパック電池の内部抵抗が小さいので、電池の自己消費電力を大幅に低減できます。
同様に、ソフトパック電池にも不足があります。つまり、製品の一貫性が低く、コストが高く、液漏れと膨脹ガスが発生しやすく、グループ化の過程で追加のケースが必要です。
ソフトパック電池の市場現状
円筒形の電池と四角形の電池に比べて、ソフトパックの電池は現在市場での応用はまだ発展段階にあり、市の占有率は硬殻電池とはまだ一定の差があります。今年1～4月の統計を見ると、ソフトパック電池の搭載量は動力電池の8.92%を占めていますが、今年の前の4ヶ月の搭載量は1580.87 MWhに達し、同106.09%増となり、伸び率は飛躍的で、動力電池の中で最も強力な新生力です。
4月までに、国内でソフトパック電池の生産を実現している動力電池工場は21社あります。その中には、EV、多フッ多、捷威動力、カ耐新エネルギーが取り付け量の上位4位を占めています。全部で100 MWhを超えています。自動車本体工場では、現在、ソフトパックの電池を使っているメーカーは大衆、世代ラム、日産、GM、フォード、現代、前途などが含まれています。中国のメーカーとしては、現在唯一のソフトパック電池を使用しています。
Comparing with cylindrical and square hard-shell batteries, soft-packed batteries have little difference in internal composition (positive, negative, diaphragm, electrolyte) from square and cylindrical lithium batteries. The biggest difference is that soft-packed batteries use aluminium-plastic composite film as the shell, while square and cylindrical batteries use metal materials as the shell.
Generally speaking, soft pack batteries have the following advantages:
1. Good safety: The soft-packed batteries are packed with aluminium-plastic film in structure. When thermal management runs out of control or puncture occurs, the soft-packed batteries will provide buffer space for the batteries. The soft-packed batteries will bulge and deform, eventually ignite or smoke, but will not explode.
2. Light weight and high energy density: Soft-packed batteries are 40% lighter than steel-shell batteries of the same capacity and 20% lighter than aluminium-shell batteries, so they usually have higher energy density. At present, most batteries that break through the 300 Wh/kg energy density in China are soft-packed batteries.
3. Good electrochemical performance and long life: the inner resistance of soft-packed battery is small, which can greatly reduce the battery's power consumption; furthermore, the cycle life of soft-packed battery is longer.
Similarly, the soft-pack batteries also have some shortcomings, such as poor product consistency, high cost, prone to leakage and gas expansion, and need additional shells in the process of grouping, and high complexity of PACK process.
Market Status of Soft Pack Batteries
Compared with cylindrical batteries and square batteries, the application of soft pack batteries in the market is still in the developing stage, and there is still a certain gap between market share and hard shell batteries. According to the statistics from January to April this year, the installed capacity of soft-pack batteries accounts for 8.92% of the power batteries, but the installed capacity in the first four months of this year reached 1580.87MWh, up 106.09% from the same period last year. The rapid growth rate is the strongest new force in the power batteries.
通常而言，软包电池主要具备以下几个优势：
1、安全性好：软包电池在结构上采用铝塑膜包装，在发生热管理失控或穿刺时，其软包会为电芯提供缓冲空间，发生鼓胀形变，最终会着火或冒烟，但不会发生爆炸。
2、质量轻、能量密度高：软包电池重量较同等容量的钢壳电池轻40%，较铝壳电池轻20%，因此通常具有较高的能量密度，而目前国内突破300Wh/kg能量密度大关的电池企业，绝大部分采取的都是软包电池。
3、电化学性能良好、寿命长：软包电池的内阻较小，可以极大的降低电池的自耗电;此外软包电池的循环寿命更长。
同样，软包电池也存在着不足之处，那就是产品一致性较差，成本较高，容易发生漏液和胀气，且在成组过程中需要额外的壳体，PACK工艺复杂程度高。
软包电池的市场现状
相比圆柱电池和方形电池，软包电池目前在市场上的应用还处于发展阶段，市占率与硬壳电池还有一定的差距。从今年1-4月的统计来看，软包电池的装机量占动力电池的8.92%，但今年前四个月的装机量达到1580.87MWh，同比增长了106.09%，增长速度迅猛，是动力电池中最为强劲的一股新生力量。
截止到4月，国内实现软包电池装机的动力电池厂共有21家，其中孚能科技、多氟多、捷威动力、卡耐新能源占据装机量的前四名，均超过了100MWh，而在汽车主机厂方面，目前使用软包动力电池的厂商包括了大众、代勒姆、日产、通用、福特、现代、前途等，在这其中前途作为目前唯一使用软包电池的中国主机厂颇为突出。Comparing with cylindrical and square hard-shell batteries, soft-packed batteries have little difference in internal composition (positive, negative, diaphragm, electrolyte) from square and cylindrical lithium batteries. The biggest difference is that soft-packed batteries use aluminium-plastic composite film as the shell, while square and cylindrical batteries use metal materials as the shell.
Generally speaking, soft pack batteries have the following advantages:
1. Good safety: The soft-packed batteries are packed with aluminium-plastic film in structure. When thermal management runs out of control or puncture occurs, the soft-packed batteries will provide buffer space for the batteries. The soft-packed batteries will bulge and deform, eventually ignite or smoke, but will not explode.
2. Light weight and high energy density: Soft-packed batteries are 40% lighter than steel-shell batteries of the same capacity and 20% lighter than aluminium-shell batteries, so they usually have higher energy density. At present, most batteries that break through the 300 Wh/kg energy density in China are soft-packed batteries.
3. Good electrochemical performance and long life: the inner resistance of soft-packed battery is small, which can greatly reduce the battery's power consumption; furthermore, the cycle life of soft-packed battery is longer.
Similarly, the soft-pack batteries also have some shortcomings, such as poor product consistency, high cost, prone to leakage and gas expansion, and need additional shells in the process of grouping, and high complexity of PACK process.
Market Status of Soft Pack Batteries
Compared with cylindrical batteries and square batteries, the application of soft pack batteries in the market is still in the developing stage, and there is still a certain gap between market share and hard shell batteries. According to the statistics from January to April this year, the installed capacity of soft-pack batteries accounts for 8.92% of the power batteries, but the installed capacity in the first four months of this year reached 1580.87MWh, up 106.09% from the same period last year. The rapid growth rate is the strongest new force in the power batteries.
As of April, there are 21 power battery factories in China which have realized the installation of soft-packed batteries. Among them, Funeng Technology, Dofdo, Jetway Power and Carnegie New Energy account for the top four in the installed capacity, all exceeding 100MWh. In terms of automotive main engine factories, the manufacturers currently using soft-packed power batteries include Volkswagen, Daim, Nissan, General Motors, Ford, Hyundai and the future. As the only mainframe factory using soft-pack batteries in China, the mid-future is quite outstanding.
